【Python】requestsとは？インストールから使い方まで徹底解説！

import requests

response = requests.get('https://example.com')
print(response.status_code)

params = {'q': 'python', 'page': 2}
response = requests.get('https://example.com/search', params=params)
print(response.url)  # クエリ付きURLが表示される

headers = {'User-Agent': 'my-app/1.0'}
response = requests.get('https://example.com', headers=headers)

cookies = {'session_id': 'abc123'}
response = requests.get('https://example.com/dashboard', cookies=cookies)

from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

response = requests.get('https://example.com/secure', auth=HTTPBasicAuth('user', 'pass'))

response = requests.get('https://example.com', timeout=3)

response = requests.get('https://example.com/redirect', allow_redirects=False)

proxies = {
    'http': 'http://10.10.1.10:3128',
    'https': 'https://10.10.1.10:1080'
}
response = requests.get('https://example.com', proxies=proxies)

response = requests.get('https://example.com/largefile', stream=True)
for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=1024):
    print(chunk)

# 証明書を検証しない（自己署名証明書など）
response = requests.get('https://example.com', verify=False)

response = requests.get('https://example.com', cert=('/path/client.crt', '/path/client.key'))

import requests

response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post')
print(response.status_code)

payload = {'username': 'test', 'password': 'secret'}
response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', data=payload)
print(response.text)

json_data = {'title': 'AI', 'category': 'Technology'}
response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', json=json_data)
print(response.json())

headers = {'Authorization': 'Bearer xxxxx'}
response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', headers=headers)

cookies = {'session_id': 'abc123'}
response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', cookies=cookies)

files = {'file': open('example.txt', 'rb')}
response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', files=files)
print(response.text)

from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/pass', auth=HTTPBasicAuth('user', 'pass'))

response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', timeout=5)

response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/redirect-to?url=/get', allow_redirects=False)

proxies = {'http': 'http://10.10.1.10:3128'}
response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', proxies=proxies)

response = requests.post('https://httpbin.org/post', stream=True)
for line in response.iter_lines():
    print(line)

response = requests.post('https://example.com', verify=False)

response = requests.post('https://example.com', cert=('/path/client.crt', '/path/client.key'))

import requests

response = requests.put('https://httpbin.org/put')
print(response.status_code)

payload = {'name': 'Taro', 'email': 'taro@example.com'}
response = requests.put('https://httpbin.org/put', data=payload)
print(response.text)

json_data = {'id': 101, 'status': 'active'}
response = requests.put('https://httpbin.org/put', json=json_data)
print(response.json())

headers = {'Authorization': 'Bearer mytoken'}
response = requests.put('https://httpbin.org/put', headers=headers)

cookies = {'user_token': 'abc123'}
response = requests.put('https://httpbin.org/put', cookies=cookies)

files = {'upload': open('document.pdf', 'rb')}
response = requests.put('https://httpbin.org/put', files=files)

from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

response = requests.put('https://httpbin.org/put', auth=HTTPBasicAuth('user', 'pass'))

response = requests.put('https://httpbin.org/put', timeout=5)

response = requests.put('https://httpbin.org/redirect-to?url=/get', allow_redirects=False)

proxies = {'http': 'http://10.10.1.10:3128'}
response = requests.put('https://httpbin.org/put', proxies=proxies)

response = requests.put('https://httpbin.org/put', stream=True)
for line in response.iter_lines():
    print(line)

response = requests.put('https://example.com', verify=False)

response = requests.put('https://example.com', cert=('/path/client.crt', '/path/client.key'))

import requests

response = requests.delete('https://httpbin.org/delete')
print(response.status_code)

params = {'id': 123}
response = requests.delete('https://httpbin.org/delete', params=params)
print(response.url)  # => https://httpbin.org/delete?id=123

headers = {'Authorization': 'Bearer mytoken'}
response = requests.delete('https://httpbin.org/delete', headers=headers)

cookies = {'session_id': 'abc123'}
response = requests.delete('https://httpbin.org/delete', cookies=cookies)

from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

response = requests.delete('https://httpbin.org/delete', auth=HTTPBasicAuth('user', 'pass'))

response = requests.delete('https://httpbin.org/delete', timeout=5)

response = requests.delete('https://httpbin.org/redirect-to?url=/get', allow_redirects=False)
print(response.status_code)

proxies = {'http': 'http://10.10.1.10:3128'}
response = requests.delete('https://httpbin.org/delete', proxies=proxies)

response = requests.delete('https://httpbin.org/delete', stream=True)
for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=128):
    print(chunk)

response = requests.delete('https://example.com', verify=False)

response = requests.delete('https://example.com', cert=('/path/client.crt', '/path/client.key'))

import requests

response = requests.head('https://httpbin.org/get')
print(response.status_code)
print(response.headers)

params = {'id': 456}
response = requests.head('https://httpbin.org/get', params=params)
print(response.url)  # => https://httpbin.org/get?id=456

headers = {'User-Agent': 'MyApp'}
response = requests.head('https://httpbin.org/get', headers=headers)

cookies = {'session': 'xyz789'}
response = requests.head('https://httpbin.org/get', cookies=cookies)

from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

response = requests.head('https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/pass', auth=HTTPBasicAuth('user', 'pass'))

response = requests.head('https://httpbin.org/get', timeout=3)

response = requests.head('https://httpbin.org/redirect-to?url=/get', allow_redirects=False)
print(response.status_code)

proxies = {'https': 'http://10.10.1.10:1080'}
response = requests.head('https://httpbin.org/get', proxies=proxies)

response = requests.head('https://httpbin.org/get', stream=True)
print(response.headers.get('Content-Length'))

response = requests.head('https://example.com', verify=False)

response = requests.head('https://example.com', cert=('/path/to/client.crt', '/path/to/client.key'))

import requests

response = requests.options('https://httpbin.org/get')
print(response.status_code)
print(response.headers['Allow'])  # サポートされているメソッド

params = {'check': 'true'}
response = requests.options('https://httpbin.org/get', params=params)
print(response.url)

headers = {'Access-Control-Request-Method': 'POST'}
response = requests.options('https://httpbin.org/post', headers=headers)
print(response.headers.get('Allow'))

cookies = {'session_id': 'abc123'}
response = requests.options('https://httpbin.org/get', cookies=cookies)

from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

response = requests.options('https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/pass', auth=HTTPBasicAuth('user', 'pass'))

response = requests.options('https://httpbin.org/get', timeout=5)

response = requests.options('https://httpbin.org/redirect-to?url=/get', allow_redirects=False)
print(response.status_code)

proxies = {'http': 'http://10.10.1.10:3128'}
response = requests.options('https://httpbin.org/get', proxies=proxies)

response = requests.options('https://httpbin.org/get', stream=True)
print(response.headers.get('Allow'))

response = requests.options('https://example.com', verify=False)

response = requests.options('https://example.com', cert=('/path/client.crt', '/path/client.key'))

import requests

response = requests.patch('https://httpbin.org/patch')
print(response.status_code)
print(response.json())

data = {'email': 'new@example.com'}
response = requests.patch('https://httpbin.org/patch', data=data)
print(response.json())

json_data = {'email': 'new@example.com'}
response = requests.patch('https://httpbin.org/patch', json=json_data)
print(response.json())

headers = {'Authorization': 'Bearer your_token'}
response = requests.patch('https://httpbin.org/patch', json={'name': 'John'}, headers=headers)

cookies = {'session_id': 'abc123'}
response = requests.patch('https://httpbin.org/patch', json={'role': 'admin'}, cookies=cookies)

from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

response = requests.patch('https://httpbin.org/patch', auth=HTTPBasicAuth('user', 'pass'), json={'status': 'active'})

params = {'debug': 'true'}
response = requests.patch('https://httpbin.org/patch', json={'level': 'moderator'}, params=params)

response = requests.patch('https://httpbin.org/patch', json={'key': 'value'}, timeout=5)

response = requests.patch('https://httpbin.org/redirect-to?url=/patch', allow_redirects=False)
print(response.status_code)

proxies = {'http': 'http://10.10.1.10:3128'}
response = requests.patch('https://httpbin.org/patch', json={'name': 'proxy-test'}, proxies=proxies)

response = requests.patch('https://httpbin.org/patch', json={'stream': True}, stream=True)
print(response.raw)

response = requests.patch('https://example.com/api', verify=False)

response = requests.patch('https://example.com/api', cert=('/path/client.crt', '/path/client.key'))

import requests

response = requests.request(method='GET', url='https://httpbin.org/get')
print(response.json())

response = requests.request(
    method='POST',
    url='https://httpbin.org/post',
    json={'name': 'ChatGPT', 'type': 'AI'}
)
print(response.json())

response = requests.request(
    method='POST',
    url='https://httpbin.org/post',
    data={'username': 'admin', 'password': '1234'}
)

response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/get',
    params={'q': 'python', 'page': 2}
)
print(response.url)

response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/headers',
    headers={'User-Agent': 'my-custom-agent'}
)

response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/cookies',
    cookies={'session': 'abc123'}
)

with open('example.txt', 'rb') as f:
    response = requests.request(
        method='POST',
        url='https://httpbin.org/post',
        files={'file': f}
    )

from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/pass',
    auth=HTTPBasicAuth('user', 'pass')
)

response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/delay/3',
    timeout=5
)

response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/redirect/1',
    allow_redirects=False
)
print(response.status_code)

proxies = {'http': 'http://10.10.1.10:3128'}
response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/get',
    proxies=proxies
)

response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://self-signed.badssl.com/',
    verify=False
)

response = requests.request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://example.com/secure-api',
    cert=('/path/client.crt', '/path/client.key')
)

import requests

session = requests.Session()

# 共通のヘッダーを設定
session.headers.update({'User-Agent': 'my-app/1.0'})

# GETリクエスト
response = session.get('https://httpbin.org/get')
print(response.json())

# セッションを明示的に閉じる
session.close()

session = requests.Session()

# Cookieをセット
session.get('https://httpbin.org/cookies/set?name=value')

# 自動でCookieを送信してくれる
response = session.get('https://httpbin.org/cookies')
print(response.json())

session = requests.Session()
session.headers.update({'Authorization': 'Bearer YOUR_TOKEN'})

response = session.get('https://httpbin.org/headers')
print(response.json())

from requests.auth import HTTPBasicAuth

session = requests.Session()
session.auth = HTTPBasicAuth('user', 'pass')

response = session.get('https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/pass')
print(response.status_code)  # 200 if success

session = requests.Session()
session.params = {'lang': 'ja'}

response = session.get('https://httpbin.org/get')
print(response.url)  # https://httpbin.org/get?lang=ja

session = requests.Session()
session.headers.update({'Content-Type': 'application/json'})

data = {'key': 'value'}
response1 = session.post('https://httpbin.org/post', json=data)
response2 = session.post('https://httpbin.org/post', json=data)

session = requests.Session()
try:
    response = session.get('https://httpbin.org/get')
finally:
    session.close()

with requests.Session() as session:
    session.headers.update({'User-Agent': 'my-app'})
    response = session.get('https://httpbin.org/get')
    print(response.status_code)

import requests

req = requests.Request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/get',
    params={'search': 'python'}
)
prepared = req.prepare()

with requests.Session() as s:
    res = s.send(prepared)
    print(res.json())

req = requests.Request(
    method='POST',
    url='https://httpbin.org/post',
    data={'username': 'admin'},
    headers={'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'}
)
prepared = req.prepare()

with requests.Session() as s:
    res = s.send(prepared)
    print(res.json())

req = requests.Request(
    method='POST',
    url='https://httpbin.org/post',
    json={'key': 'value'}
)
prepared = req.prepare()

with requests.Session() as s:
    res = s.send(prepared)
    print(res.json())

req = requests.Request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/basic-auth/user/pass',
    auth=('user', 'pass')
)
prepared = req.prepare()

with requests.Session() as s:
    res = s.send(prepared)
    print(res.status_code)  # 200 if success

req = requests.Request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/cookies',
    cookies={'sessionid': 'abc123'}
)
prepared = req.prepare()

with requests.Session() as s:
    res = s.send(prepared)
    print(res.json())

def response_hook(response, *args, **kwargs):
    print("フック実行：", response.status_code)

req = requests.Request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/get',
    hooks={'response': response_hook}
)
prepared = req.prepare()

with requests.Session() as s:
    res = s.send(prepared)

from requests import Request, Session

req = Request(
    method='POST',
    url='https://httpbin.org/post',
    data={'key': 'value'}
)

prepared = req.prepare()

with Session() as session:
    response = session.send(prepared)

from requests import Request

req = Request(
    method='GET',
    url='https://httpbin.org/get',
    params={'lang': 'ja'}
)
prepared = req.prepare()

print(prepared.url)  # → https://httpbin.org/get?lang=ja

print(prepared.headers)

print(prepared.body)  # application/x-www-form-urlencoded なら b'key=value'

from requests import Session

with Session() as session:
    response = session.send(prepared)
    print(response.status_code)

import requests

# Step 1: Requestオブジェクトを作成
req = requests.Request(
    method='POST',
    url='https://httpbin.org/post',
    headers={'User-Agent': 'my-app'},
    data={'username': 'admin'}
)

# Step 2: PreparedRequestに変換
prepared = req.prepare()

# Step 3: セッションで送信
with requests.Session() as session:
    response = session.send(prepared)
    print("Status:", response.status_code)
    print("Sent Headers:", prepared.headers)
    print("Sent Body:", prepared.body)

print(response.status_code)  # 例: 200, 404

print(response.text)  # HTMLやJSONが文字列で返る

with open('image.png', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(response.content)

data = response.json()
print(data['url'])  # https://httpbin.org/get

print(response.headers['Content-Type'])  # 例: application/json

print(response.cookies.get_dict())  # {'sessionid': 'abc123'}

try:
    response.raise_for_status()
except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as e:
    print("エラー発生:", e)

print(response.elapsed.total_seconds())  # 例: 0.124

if response.is_redirect:
    print("リダイレクトされました")

print(response.history)  # 過去のレスポンスのリスト

import requests

response = requests.get('https://httpbin.org/json')

if response.ok:
    print("ステータスOK:", response.status_code)
    data = response.json()
    print("スライドタイトル:", data['slideshow']['title'])
else:
    print("エラー:", response.status_code)

import requests

try:
    response = requests.get("https://httpbin.org/status/404")
    response.raise_for_status()
except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as e:
    print("HTTPエラー発生:", e)

try:
    requests.get("https://nonexistent.example.com")
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError as e:
    print("接続エラー:", e)

try:
    requests.get("https://httpbin.org/delay/10", timeout=2)
except requests.exceptions.Timeout as e:
    print("タイムアウト:", e)

try:
    requests.get("https://httpbin.org/redirect/20")
except requests.exceptions.TooManyRedirects as e:
    print("リダイレクトが多すぎます:", e)

try:
    requests.get("example.com")  # スキーマ不足
except requests.exceptions.MissingSchema as e:
    print("スキーマが不足しています:", e)

try:
    requests.get("ftp://example.com")  # 不正なスキーマ
except requests.exceptions.InvalidSchema as e:
    print("サポートされていないスキーマ:", e)

try:
    response = requests.get("https://httpbin.org/get", timeout=1)
    response.raise_for_status()
except requests.exceptions.Timeout:
    print("タイムアウト発生")
except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as e:
    print("HTTPエラー:", e.response.status_code)
except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
    print("その他のエラー:", e)